Medium English Words
For the SAT and college: the words of the SAT’s reading passages. 1,119 words, A to Z.
30 words starting with V
vacillate verb
to keep changing one’s mind between choices
I vacillated between the blue shirt and the red one for an hour.
Like waver, hesitate, dither
vacuous adjective
showing a lack of thought or intelligence; empty
The advertisement was full of vacuous promises.
Like empty, inane, mindless
validate verb
to check or prove that something is true or correct; to make something officially acceptable
The lab validated the results by repeating the experiment.
Like confirm, verify, endorse
valor noun
great courage, especially in battle
The soldiers received medals for their valor.
Like bravery, courage, heroism
vanguard noun
the leading position in a movement or new development
The young scientists were in the vanguard of solar energy research.
Like forefront, front line, lead
vehement adjective
showing strong, forceful feeling
She made a vehement objection to cutting down the old trees.
Like passionate, fervent, forceful
venerable adjective
respected because of great age, wisdom, or character
The venerable monk has lived in the monastery for seventy years.
Like respected, revered, honored
vengeance noun
harm done to someone in return for a harm they did
In the old tale, the dragon swore vengeance on the thief who stole its gold.
Like revenge, retribution, reprisal
veracity noun
truthfulness or accuracy
The reporter checked the veracity of the story before printing it.
Like truthfulness, accuracy, honesty
verbose adjective
using more words than are needed
His verbose essay ran to ten pages but said very little.
Like wordy, long-winded, rambling
verify verb
to check that something is true or correct
Please verify your answers before handing in the test.
Like confirm, check, validate
vernacular noun
the everyday language spoken by ordinary people in a place
The poet wrote in the vernacular so that farmers could enjoy his poems.
Like dialect, local language, everyday speech
versatile adjective
able to do many different things or be used in many ways
A versatile player, she can play in defense or attack.
Like adaptable, flexible, all-around
vestige noun
a small remaining trace of something that once existed
A few stone steps are the last vestige of the old palace.
Like trace, remnant, remains
vibrant adjective
full of life and energy; bright and strong in color
The market was vibrant with colorful fruits and busy shoppers.
Like lively, bright, vivid
vicarious adjective
experienced through another person’s actions instead of directly
I got vicarious excitement from reading about her trek to Everest Base Camp.
Like indirect, secondhand, surrogate
vigilance noun
careful watchfulness for danger or problems
The guards’ vigilance kept the museum safe.
Like watchfulness, alertness, attentiveness
vigilant adjective
carefully watching for possible danger or problems
Stay vigilant for slippery rocks when crossing the stream.
Like watchful, alert, attentive
vigor noun
physical strength and energy
Grandfather still works in his garden with great vigor.
Like energy, strength, vitality
vigorous adjective
strong, active, and full of energy
A vigorous walk every morning keeps my aunt healthy.
Like energetic, strong, brisk
vindicate verb
to show that someone was right or not to blame
The test results vindicated her claim that the water was clean.
Like justify, clear, exonerate
vindictive adjective
wanting to hurt someone who has hurt you
The vindictive character in the play tries to spoil everyone’s fun.
Like spiteful, vengeful, malicious
visceral adjective
felt deeply in the body rather than through thinking
Seeing the steep drop gave me a visceral fear of heights.
Like instinctive, gut, deep-seated
vitality noun
the state of being full of life and energy
The young dancers performed with great vitality.
Like energy, liveliness, vigor
vivacious adjective
(of a person) lively, cheerful, and full of spirit
Our vivacious guide kept everyone laughing on the bus.
Like lively, spirited, bubbly
vivid adjective
very bright in color; producing clear, strong images in the mind
He gave a vivid description of the festival lights.
Like bright, colorful, graphic
vociferous adjective
expressing opinions loudly and forcefully
The fans were vociferous in their support of the home team.
Like loud, vocal, clamorous
volatile adjective
likely to change suddenly and unpredictably; (of a liquid) turning easily into gas
Petrol is volatile, so it must be kept away from flames.
Like unstable, unpredictable, explosive
voracious adjective
wanting large amounts of food or of an activity
My sister is a voracious reader who finishes a book every day.
Like insatiable, ravenous, avid
vulnerable adjective
easily hurt, harmed, or attacked
Young plants are vulnerable to frost in early spring.
Like exposed, defenseless, susceptible
