The rules
- Use the simple present for habits and facts: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
- Use the present continuous for something happening right now: Look, the students are planting trees.
- Use the simple past for a finished time, with words like yesterday, last year or ago: We visited Lumbini two years ago.
- Use the present perfect for something from the past up to now, often with since, for, already or yet: She has lived here since 2020.
- Use the past perfect for the earlier of two past events, often with by the time: By the time we arrived, the train had left.
- After when, before, as soon as or by the time, use a present tense for the future: We will start when the bell rings.
- After a past verb like said or told, shift the reported verb back in time: Mina said that she was tired.
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