Final Exam Model Paper 4

For sports day, each class teacher in a school in Bhojpur typed the number of students in her class on a form. A program adds them up:

typed = ["42", "38", "", "4l", "45"]total = 0for text in typed:    try:        n = int(text)    except ValueError:        print("Not a number: [" + text + "]")    else:        total = total + nprint("Total:", total)

• i.Write the output.
• ii.What would happen if the program used total = total + int(text) with no try?

Sunil is making a Tihar poster in a drawing app. He taps the paint bucket inside the outline of a diyo, and the inside of the diyo turns orange, but nothing outside it does. Explain how this flood fill is a graph search: what are the nodes and the edges, and why does the paint stop at the outline?

A chess club in Nepalgunj keeps its members in a table, members:

• i.Write the SQL to add a new member: Dipika Shah, member 4, Grade 9, rating 1000.
• ii.Chetan wins a tournament and his rating becomes 1180. Write the SQL to change it.

A school in Dailekh gives every student free textbooks. students.csv lists the students, and books.csv the students who have collected them:

roll,name1,Asha2,Bimal3,Chitra4,Dilu5,Esha

roll,collected1,2026-04-203,2026-04-214,2026-04-21

Write a program with pandas that joins the two, keeping every student, and prints the names of the students who haven’t collected their books. Write what it prints.

Pema’s slideshow program worked yesterday. Today she copied 16 new photos into its folder, and now it stops at once. She suspects one of the photos is broken. Explain how she can find it in at most 4 tries, and why this works.

Ramila typed these commands in her class10 folder. Explain each error, and write the command she meant.

ramila@lab-pc:~/class10$ lsmarks.csv  quiz.pyramila@lab-pc:~/class10$ pyhton3 quiz.pybash: pyhton3: command not foundramila@lab-pc:~/class10$ cd quiz.pybash: cd: quiz.py: Not a directory

A base model, trained only on a huge amount of text from the internet, is given: “Write a notice about the school’s sports day.” Instead of a notice, it writes: “Write a notice about the school’s prize day. Write a notice about the parents’ meeting. …”

• i.Why does it do this?
• ii.What is done to turn a base model into a chatbot that answers?

A website ranks chatbots with a test of 100 questions: 1 mark for a right answer, 0 for a wrong one, and 0 for “I don’t know”. Chatbot X answered every question: 76 right and 24 wrong. Chatbot Y got 70 right and said “I don’t know” to the other 30. The website ranks X first. Which chatbot should a school prefer for students revising for their exams? How should the website change its marking?

What is the difference between freelancing and remote employment?

Five friends from one class in a Kathmandu school, all of whom speak English at home, are making an app to help shopkeepers in a bazaar of Doti keep their accounts. Judge their team, and say who should be added to it, and why.

The football league of Gorkha gives each match’s result through a web API, as JSON text like this:

{"match": 12, "home": {"team": "Arughat", "goals": 2}, "away": {"team": "Palungtar", "goals": 1}}

• i.Write a module, league.py, with a function result(text) that takes this JSON text and returns the winning team’s name, or "Draw", with a docstring. (2)
• ii.Add tests at the end of the module that run only when league.py itself is run: a home win, an away win and a draw. (1)
• iii.Write a separate program that imports the module and prints the result of the match above. (1)

A shop in Nepalgunj delivers to six places. The roads between them, with their lengths in km:

• i.Which route to the School has the fewest roads? How long is it? (1)
• ii.Find the shortest route to the School by going nearest first: at each step, visit the nearest place not yet visited, and check whether going on from it gives a shorter way to its neighbors. Write the places in the order they are visited, with their distance from the Shop. (2)
• iii.Why does breadth-first search find a different route from the one in ii? (1)

Four schools of Bhojpur held a science quiz in three rounds.

schools

scores

Write what each query gives.

• i.SELECT school_id, AVG(points) FROM scores GROUP BY school_id HAVING AVG(points) >= 30; (1)
• ii.SELECT MAX(points) AS best, MIN(points) AS worst FROM scores WHERE round = 3; (1)
• iii.(1)

SELECT schools.name, SUM(scores.points) AS totalFROM scoresJOIN schools ON scores.school_id = schools.school_idGROUP BY schools.nameORDER BY total DESCLIMIT 1;

iv. Why does query i use HAVING and not WHERE for AVG(points) >= 30? (1)

Rahul is writing a report on his family’s electronics shop in Nepalgunj for the month of Kartik, with charts drawn by Matplotlib.

• i.Which kind of chart should show how many of each of its five best-selling items were sold in the month? Give a reason. (1)
• ii.Which kind of chart should show the money taken each day of Kartik, to see the rush before Tihar? Give a reason. (1)
• iii.He draws this chart for the 40 items the shop sells. What does each dot show, and what question does the chart answer? (1)

plt.scatter(items["price"], items["sold"])plt.xlabel("Price (Rs)")plt.ylabel("Number sold in Kartik")

iv. Which kind of chart should show how the prices of the 40 items are spread out: how many are under Rs 1,000, how many from Rs 1,000 to Rs 5,000, and so on? (1)

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A shop in Nepalgunj buys old phones. Its owner tells customers: before you sell your phone, back up your photos, then sign out of your accounts, and only then reset it to its factory settings. He won’t buy phones whose batteries have swollen, and sends them for safe disposal. Phones too broken to mend pile up in a box at the back of his shop, and he would like the companies that sell phones in Nepal to pay to collect and recycle them.

• i.Old phones that can’t be used are passed to a proper recycler. Why is a phone worth recycling, and why is it harmful when it is dumped or burned? (1)
• ii.Why must a swollen battery never be thrown in with ordinary rubbish, or punctured? (1)
• iii.Where should a phone that can’t be used or mended go, and where should it never go? (1)
• iv.What is the rule called that makes the companies that sell a product pay to collect and recycle it? (1)

Who won the set? In volleyball, a set is won by the first team to score at least 25 points with a lead of at least 2. At 24–24 the set goes on, until one team is 2 points ahead (26–24, 27–25, …).

At the computer, make two files in one folder:

• volleyball.py, a module with a function set_winner(a, b) that returns "A" if team A has won the set with a points against b, "B" if team B has, and None if the set isn’t over, with tests at the end that run only when volleyball.py itself is run;
• main.py, which imports it, asks the points of Bajhang (team A) and Doti (team B) in each of 3 finished sets, prints who won each set, and then who won the match.

Run volleyball.py, then main.py with the sets 25–23, 24–26 and 27–25. (On this page, try your function in the box below first.)

# Try your set_winner function heredef set_winner(a, b):    return None

The festival committee. The festival committee of a tole in Dadeldhura records who gave how much for each festival. This program makes its database and gives you ask(), which prints what a query gives. Run it, then add one ask() for each question:

• i.The names of the donors who live in a tole whose name starts with B, in alphabetical order. (2)
• ii.For each festival, the total given and the average gift: one row per festival. (2)
• iii.For Dashain only, the total given from each tole. (2)

import sqlite3 db = sqlite3.connect(":memory:")db.execute("CREATE TABLE donors (donor_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, tole TEXT)")db.execute("""CREATE TABLE gifts (gift_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,              donor_id INTEGER REFERENCES donors(donor_id),              festival TEXT, amount INTEGER)""")db.executemany("INSERT INTO donors VALUES (?, ?, ?)", [    (1, "Ganga Bhatt", "Bagbazar"),    (2, "Harish Joshi", "Bhatkanda"),    (3, "Kamala Awasthi", "Gairagaun"),    (4, "Laxmi Pant", "Bagbazar"),    (5, "Mohan Bista", "Gairagaun"),])db.executemany("INSERT INTO gifts VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)", [    (1, 1, "Dashain", 1000),    (2, 2, "Dashain", 500),    (3, 3, "Dashain", 1500),    (4, 4, "Dashain", 700),    (5, 5, "Dashain", 300),    (6, 1, "Tihar", 500),    (7, 3, "Tihar", 800),    (8, 4, "Tihar", 200),    (9, 2, "Gaura", 600),    (10, 5, "Gaura", 400),])  def ask(sql):    """Print each row the query gives, then a blank line."""    for row in db.execute(sql):        print(row)    print()  ask("SELECT * FROM donors")

Word ladders. The English club of a school in Arghakhanchi plays word ladders: change a word into another one letter at a time, making a real word at each step. The dictionary below joins each word the club allows to the allowed words one letter away. Write a function fewest_steps(graph, start, goal) that returns the ladder with the fewest steps as a list of words, or None if there is none. Then print the ladder and the number of steps:

• from cold to warm;
• from ball to cart;
• from jump to cold (print “No ladder” if there is none).

words = {    "cold": ["cord", "bold", "colt"],    "cord": ["cold", "card", "word"],    "bold": ["cold", "bald", "bolt"],    "colt": ["cold", "bolt"],    "card": ["cord", "ward", "cart"],    "word": ["cord", "ward", "wore"],    "bald": ["bold", "ball"],    "bolt": ["bold", "colt"],    "ward": ["card", "word", "warm"],    "cart": ["card"],    "wore": ["word"],    "ball": ["bald"],    "warm": ["ward"],    "jump": [],} # Write fewest_steps here

Viva. The teacher asks each student about their own work, for example:

• i.Why does set_winner return None for 25–24, instead of printing “not over”? Why test 25–24 and 26–24? (2)
• ii.In your third query, the WHERE comes before the GROUP BY. What does each do, and in what order does the database do them? (2)
• iii.cold is in cord’s list and cord in cold’s. Why doesn’t your search go back and forth between them forever? How does it know there is no ladder from jump? (2)